The name "Ezekiel" means "may God strengthen." Ezekiel certainly needed the strength of God. Like Jeremiah, Ezekiel was a priest. In 597 B.C., Ezekiel was taken as a prisoner to Babylon (Ant.Bk.X.Ch.VI.) as a young man, probably around 25 years of age (Ezekiel 1:1). At the age of 30, in 593 B.C., he began to prophesy and continued until 570 B.C. (Ezekiel 1:2; 27:17; 33:21; 40:1) Until the fall of Jerusalem in 586 B.C., Ezekiel's message was mainly about judgment. From 586 until 570, he prophesied about consolation.
The book is full of imagery, with some of the best being reserved for God. Chapter 1 introduces us to God with the appearance of the likeness of the glory of God. These visions of God along with Ezekiel's bizarre behavior have led some to label Ezekiel as neurotic, paranoid, psychotic, or schizophrenic. However, his visions rang true and his behavior was not nearly as bizarre as the behavior of those he was warning. The vision of God's glory found in chapter 1 re-appears often through Ezekiel's life and prophesies.
God's glory appears:
- with the message of muteness of the prophet except to speak the message of God.
3:23-27 - in Jerusalem, at the temple in connection with the uncovering of corruption. Ezekiel remained mute from August 593 until December 585
when he learned of the capture of Jerusalem and God released Ezekiel's voice (33:21-22).
8:4 - as it raises from God's dwelling place in the Holy of holies and moves to the threshold of the temple in connection with a marking of Jerusalem for
judgment.
9:3 - as it leaves the temple and stands over the East Gate of Jerusalem.
10:1-22 - as it leaves Jerusalem and stands over the Mount of Olives and then departs with Ezekiel to Chaldea when it disappears (the vision indicates God's
abandonment of Jerusalem).
11:22-23 - as it returns from the east to the new temple to be built in Jerusalem, marking the return of God.
43:1-5
Besides the image of God's glory, there are images of sieges, of an outcast vine, of divine love, of sexual promiscuity, of a cooking pot, of shepherds, of dry bones that gain flesh and live, of a new temple, and of future blessings. Jesus undoubtedly has in mind Ezekiel 34 when He spoke of being the Good Shepherd in John 10. The book gives us visions of God and visions of Satan, visions of destruction and visions of hope, extended imagery of patience and stupidity, and promises of a new covenant and a new time of peace.
Date: 593-570 B.C.
The Divisions
I. The Visions of God 1-3
July 31-August 6, 593 B.C. At Tel Abib in Chaldea, by the River Chebar, south of Babylon, Ezekiel's home
- The appearence of the likeness of the LORD's glory 1
- The commissioning 2-3:15
- You are a watchman 3:16-27
II. Prophecies against Jerusalem 4-24
- The 430 day seige, with 8 ounces of fouud and 2/3rds quart of water each day (apparently in his courtyard 3:24-25) 4
- The hair (1/3, 1/3, 1/3 and a little) 5
- "Pound your fists and stamp your feet" - Israel's idolatry shall make them desolate 6
- "An end", "a disaster", "a day", "violence," "destruction comes, they will seek peace but find none, disaster will come upon disaster" 7
September 17, 592 - In Jerusalem, courtesy of the Spirit of God
- The hole in the wall 8
- Six men, a marker, and the battle-axes 9
- The glory of the LORD departs from the temple 10
- The wicked men and the cauldron 11
Back home in Chaldea
- Dig through the wall and take your belongings 12
- Foxes and untempered mortar--the false prophets 13
- Noah, Daniel and Job could not deliver them 14
- The Vine Branch 15
- Jerusalem, the harlot 16
- The great eagles and the vine 17
- The soul that sins shall die 18
- Lions and vine--the princes 19
August 14, 591
- Rebellious Israel 20
- The sword of God, Babylon 21
- The sins of Jerusalem 22
- The two sisters 23
January 15, 588
- The cooking pot and the seige begins 24
III. Judgment on the nations 25-32
- Ammon 25:1-7
- Moab 25:8-11
- Edom 25:12-14
- Philistia 25:15-17
April 23, 587
- Tyre 26-28:19
- Sidon 28:20-26
January 7, 587
- Egypt 29-32
- The River is Mine 29:1-16
April 26, 571
- The Coming captivity of Egypt 29:17-30:19
April 27, 587
- Against Pharoah 30:20-26
June 21, 587
- The cutting of the great tree of Egypt 31
March 3, 585
- Capturing the lion of Egypt 32:1-16
March 18, 585
- Consigned to the Pit 32:17-32
IV. The Blessing on His People 33-48
January 8, 585
- The Watchman and the Fall of Jerusalem 33
- The shepherds and Shepherd 34
- Judgment on Seir 35
- Israel shall receive a new heart and spirit 36
- Dry bones 37:1-14
- Two sticks 37:15-28
- Battle of Gog and Magog 38-39
April 28, 573
- A New Temple 40-47:12
- The measurements 40-42
- The return of the LORD's glory and the altar 43
- The temple is holy 44-45:17
- Celebrations and worship 45:18-46:24
- The waters and trees 47:1-12
- The Division of the Land 47:13-48:35
Notes:
Dates are taken from W.S. Lasor in the International Standard Bible Encylopedia, as he derived them from tables prepared by R. A. Parker and W. H. Dubberstein,
Babylonian Chronology 626 B.C. - A.D. 75 [1956]
Key Idea:
You shall know that I am the LORD. The phrases: "And you shall know that I am the LORD," "and they shall know that I am the LORD" or closely
related phrases are found 94 times in the Old Testament, 72 of which are in Ezekiel (6:7, 10, 13, 14; 7:4, 9, 27; 11:10, 12; 12:15, 16, 20; 13:9, 14, 21, 23; 14:8;
15:7; 16:62; 17:21, 24; 20:12, 20, 26, 38, 42, 44; 21:10; 22:16, 22; 23:49; 24:24, 27; 25:5, 7, 11, 17; 26:6; 28:22, 23, 24, 26; 29:6, 9, 16, 21; 30:8, 19, 25, 26;
32:15; 33:29; 34:27, 30; 35:4, 9, 12, 15; 36:11, 23, 36, 38; 37:6, 13, 14, 28; 38:23; 39:6, 7, 22, 28).
60 times we have the phrase "the word of the LORD" - more than any other book. Like Jeremiah's "thus says the LORD," the emphasis is on the source of the prophetic message.
Like Isaiah, the holiness of God is emphasized, with the word "holy" found 47 times referencing the sacred. 14 times the Holy Spirit is mentioned (2:2; 3:12, 14, 24; 8:3; 11:1-2, 5, 24(2); 36:27; 37:1, 14; 39:29; 43:5).
93 times God addresses Ezekiel as the "son of man," pointing to the Son of Man who was to come.
Key Passage: Ezekiel 18:32; 34:30-31
Key Lesson: Know God
